What is the difference between mineral, semi-synthetic and synthetic engine oils?

The main difference lies in the base oil, which forms the basis of the product.

Mineral oil is the cheapest, it is usually used in old cars or with low mileage. It lubricates well, but quickly loses its properties. It is better to change it more often. Mineral oils are produced by distillation of petroleum and subsequent purification. They are usually cheaper, but have less stable characteristics and are more susceptible to oxidation and sedimentation.

Semi-synthetic oils are a mixture of mineral and synthetic bases. They combine the advantages of both types: improved low-temperature properties and stability compared to mineral oils, while remaining more affordable than fully synthetic ones.

Synthetic oils are created by chemical synthesis, which makes it possible to obtain a product with excellent performance characteristics: high thermal stability, excellent fluidity at low temperatures, increased resistance to oxidation and minimal formation of deposits. Fully synthetic oil is the most modern and expensive, it is excellent for new or heavy—duty applications because it protects the engine well even at high temperatures.